Prevalence and Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension among Adult Refugees in Kamukunji Sub-County, Kenya, 2016
Abstract
Background: Diabetes and hypertension are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that account for a growing burden of disease in people age > 40. Refugees lead a sedentary lifestyle putting them at risk. We sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors of the NCDs.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using multistage sampling method. Semi-structured questionnaire was administered and measured blood pressure, height and weight. Capillary and venous blood was collected and tested for random blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c) respectively. Data analysis was done using SAS and estimates weighted to account for sampling variability.
Results: We recruited and interviewed 345 participants. Median age was 47years (IQR 48-50). Prevalence of diabetes was 28.7% (95% CI 21.9- 35.6) and of hypertension was 16.6 %( 95% CI 10.7-19.3). In bivariate analysis for diabetes, obese (OR=1.6), abnormal blood pressure (OR=2.4), widowed (OR=2.4) explained the likelihood of having diabetes. The likelihood of having hypertension was explained by age, marital status, gender and being obese. While those aged ?60 years were more likely (aOR= 6.7) to have hypertension than those aged 40-49 years. The obese were more likely (aOR= 1.8) to have hypertension compared to those with normal body weight. Windows were more likely (aOR=9.5) to have hypertension than the single.
Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension is high among refugees. Risk factors associated with hypertension were obesity, age and marital status.
Recommendations: Change of lifestyle to reduce body mass index among urban refugees
Key words: Diabetes, Hypertension, Refugees
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