Influence of Age on Recidivism among Prisoners at Kabarnet Prison, Kenya
Abstract
Recidivism remains a major challenge in correctional systems as many offenders return to criminal activities after serving their sentences. Socioeconomic conditions are widely recognized as important determinants of reoffending behaviour, yet limited evidence exists regarding their influence among inmates at Kabarnet Prison, Baringo County, Kenya. This study examined the influence of age as a socio-economic factor on recidivism among prisoners at Kabarnet Prison. The research was guided by Labelling Theory and Strain Theory. A mixed-methods research design was adopted. The target population comprised 175 convicted inmates at Kabarnet Prison, 15 Probation Officers, and 30 Prison Wardens. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, while qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that age at first offence (Beta = -0.389, p < 0.001) significantly influenced recidivism. The regression models explained between 21.8% and 23.7% of the variance in recidivism. The study concluded that young offenders are at higher risk of reoffending. The study recommends that the Kenya Prisons Service should expand educational and vocational training programmes, develop age-specific rehabilitation interventions, and enhance family involvement in reintegration planning.
Keywords: Age, Correctional Systems, Prisoners, Recidivism, Reoffending Behaviour
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