ASSESSMENT OF PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS AMONG NEONATES ADMITTED IN NEONATOLOGY UNIT AT UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL OF BUTARE, RWANDA
Abstract
Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of newborn deaths worldwide and one of the main factors that contribute to high neonatal mortality rates. Neonatal sepsis accounts for 5 million newborn deaths, and is mostly diagnosed in underdeveloped countries or in developing countries including Rwanda.
Objective: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted in neonatology unit of University Teaching Hospital of Butare.
Methodology: A retrospective and quantitative research design was applied in this research, Target population is neonates admitted in Butare teaching hospital from January to December 2022, the sample size calculated was 216 participants, Sampling technique is simple random sampling technique, data collection tools was closed ended questions, data analysis was analysed using statistical package for social science known as SPSS version 23.
Results: The study reviewed 216 of neonates and found that 59.3% of them were having sepsis .This sepsis was associated to the UTI/STI during the pregnancy, more than 4times of vaginal examination, Female gender,  APGAR score <8 At 5th minute and Birth Weight < 2kg with the following adjusted odd ratios and their confidence interval : AOR 6.087[1.282-28.899], AOR 3.299[1.369-7.952], AOR 2.850[1.328-6.115], AOR : 17.045[2.729-106.468] and AOR : 5.028[1.869-13.526].
Conclusion: there is a higher prevalence of neonatal sepsis which associated to the UTI/STI during the pregnancy, more than 4times of vaginal examination, Female gender, APGAR score <8 At 5th minute and Birth Weight < 2kg
Recommendations: development of guidelines on management and prevention of neonatal sepsis the most important. In addition to this further research identify other risk factors are encouraged.
Keywords; Prevalence, Risk Factors, Neonatal Sepsis, Neonates, University Teaching Hospital of Butare
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abate, B. B., Kasie, A. M., Reta, M. A., & Kassaw, M. W. (2020). Neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Public Health, 65(9), 1623–1633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01489-x
Adatara, P., Afaya, A., Salia, S. M., Afaya, R. A., Kuug, A. K., Agbinku, E., & Agyabeng-Fandoh, E. (2018). Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study among Neonates Who Were Delivered by Caesarean Section at the Trauma and Specialist Hospital, Winneba, Ghana. BioMed Research International, 2018, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6153501
Al-Matary, A., Heena, H., AlSarheed, A. S., Ouda, W., AlShahrani, D. A., Wani, T. A., Qaraqei, M., Abu-Shaheen, A., Edmond, K., Zaidi, A., Mersha, A., Worku, T., Shibiru, S., Bante, A., Molla, A., Seifu, G., Huka, G., Abraham, E., Teshome, T., … Jana, A. K. (2019). Burden and factors associated with clinical neonatal sepsis in urban Uganda: a community cohort study | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text, (available at https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-018-1323-4). PLoS Medicine, 7(3), 1–8. https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-018-1323-4%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2019.03.007
Bech, C. M., Stensgaard, C. N., Lund, S., Holm-Hansen, C., Brok, J. S., Nygaard, U., & Poulsen, A. (2022). Risk factors for neonatal sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 12(9). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054491
Fleischmann, C., Reichert, F., Cassini, A., Horner, R., Harder, T., Markwart, R., Tröndle, M., Savova, Y., Kissoon, N., Schlattmann, P., Reinhart, K., Allegranzi, B., & Eckmanns, T. (2021). Global incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 106(8), 745–752. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-320217
Getabelew, A., Aman, M., Fantaye, E., & Yeheyis, T. (2018). Prevalence of Neonatal Sepsis and Associated Factors among Neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Selected Governmental Hospitals in Shashemene Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017. International Journal of Pediatrics, 2018, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7801272
Geyt, J. L., & Hauck, S. (2018). G272 Epidemiological trends of neonatal sepsis in a county referral hospital in central Kenya. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 101(Suppl 1), 101(Suppl 1), 2016.
Gharouni, K., Ardalan, A., Araban, M., Ebrahimzadeh, F., Bakhtiar, K., Almasian, M., & Bastami, F. (2020). Application of Freire’s adult education model in modifying the psychological constructs of health belief model in self-medication behaviors of older adults: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09425-7
Gollehon, N. S. (2019a). Neonatal sepsis. Medscape, 384–385.
Gollehon, N. S. (2019b). Neonatal sepsis. Medscape, 21(3), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/2409139
Murthy, S., Godinho, M. A., Guddattu, V., Lewis, L. E. S., & Sreekumaran Nair, N. (2019). Risk factors of neonatal sepsis in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 14(4), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215683
Nimukuze, & Mukarwego. (2021). Trends and Factors Associated with Neonatal Sepsis at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital, Rwanda. Austin Journal of Women’s Health, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjwomenshealth.2021.1055
Nyishime, M., Borg, R., Ingabire, W., Hedt-Gauthier, B., Nahimana, E., Gupta, N., Hansen, A., Labrecque, M., Nkikabahizi, F., Mutaganzwa, C., Biziyaremye, F., Mukayiranga, C., Mwamini, F., & Magge, H. (2018). A retrospective study of neonatal case management and outcomes in rural Rwanda post implementation of a national neonatal care package for sick and small infants. BMC Pediatrics, 18(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-018-1334-1
Nyma, Z., Rahman, M., Hasan, S. M. M., Roby, N. U., Khanam, F., Alam, M. E., & Ali, M. (2020). Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Sepsis among Neonates Admitted into Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Public Hospitals in Dhaka. Cureus, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7461
Okube, O. T., & Komen, M. (2020). Prevalence and Predictors of Neonatal Sepsis among Neonates Admitted at the Newborn Unit of Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10(09), 1216–1232. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojog.2020.1090114
Olorukooba, A., Ifusemu, W., Ibrahim, M., Jibril, M., Amadu, L., & Lawal, B. (2020). Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis in a tertiary hospital, North West Nigeria. Nigerian Medical Journal, 61(2), 60. https://doi.org/10.4103/nmj.nmj_31_19
Tewabe, T., Mohammed, S., Tilahun, Y., Melaku, B., Fenta, M., Dagnaw, T., Belachew, A., Molla, A., & Belete, H. (2017). Clinical outcome and risk factors of neonatal sepsis among neonates in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, North West Ethiopia 2016: A retrospective chart review. BMC Research Notes, 10(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2573-1
Utomo, M. T. (2020). Risk Factors of Neonatal Sepsis: A Preliminary Study in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease, 1(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v1i1.3718
WHO. (2020a). Global report on the epidemiology and burden of sepsis: current evidence, identifying gaps and future directions. In World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/bookorders.%0Ahttps://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/334216/9789240010789-eng.pdf
WHO. (2020b). Sepsis. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sepsis
Yadav, N. S., Yadav, P. K., Kasarla, R. R., & Parajuli, P. (2021). Incidence and Risk Factors Associated with Blood Culture Proven Neonatal Sepsis. Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, 9(01), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v9i01.37963
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.